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UNIT 1
1. These players made a very good combination . 这些球员们配合得很好。
2. In college I specialized in organic chemistry. 在学院里我主修有机化学
3. Thank you very much for your careful coordination of our research efforts.
非常感谢你的细心协调我们的研究工作。
4. The school has only been open for seven months, so it’s hard to evaluate its success.
这所学校开办还不过七个月,所以很难评估它的成功。
5. This story is concerned with an American family in the 19 century. 这个故事是关于一个美国家庭在19世纪。
6. The house was built under the careful supervision of an architect房子是用的精心指导下一位建筑师
7. He was involved in working out a plan.他参与制定一个计划。 8. The garden was laid out in a formal pattern.花园被放置在一个正式的模式。
9. He taught us how to construct sentences with the given phrases.他教我们如何造句用所给的短语。
10. The present difficulties stem from our failure to deal with the problem when it first arose.目前的困难来自于我们的失败来处理这个问题,它首先出现。
1. Civil Engineering might be generalized as being the basis of all engineering.
土木工程可被概括为是所有工程的基础。
2. It involves the design, construction and management of the “built environment.”
土木工程指对建成环境规划、设计、建造、管理等一系列活动。
3. The term civil engineer has often been used to refer to engineers who build public and non- public facilities.
土木工程师这一术语通常用来指建造公共设施和非公有设施的工程师。
4. The major specialties within civil engineering are structural, water resources, environmental, construction, transportation and geotechnical engineering.
土木工程可划分为结构工程、水利资源工程、环境工程、建筑工程、交通运输工程以及岩土工程等专业。
5. They also work to control toxic and hazardous wastes through the construction of special dump sites or the neutralizing of toxic and hazardous substances.
他们还通过建造特殊的垃圾场、中和有毒物质等方式来控制有毒的和危险的垃圾。 6. Transportation engineers apply technological knowledge as well as consideration of economic, political, and social factors in designing each
th
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project.
交通运输工程师在设计每一个工程项目时要运用科技知识，同时还要考虑经济、政治与社会因素。
7. These engineers also evaluate and determine how to reinforce the stability of slopes and fills and how to project structures against earthquakes and the effects of groundwater.
这些工程师还要估计并确定如何加强斜坡和填方的稳定性以及如何保护建筑以及抵抗地震和地下水的作用。
8. Construction engineering is a specialized brand of civil engineering concerned with the planning, execution, and control of construction operations for such projects as highways, buildings, dams, airports, and utility lines.
建筑工程是土木工程的一个分支，涉及如公路、建筑物、堤坝、机场、公用事业管线这类项目的设计、实施和施工控制。
1.社区的质量与交通运输体系的质量有直接的关系.
The quality of the community is directly related to the quality of the transportation system.
2. 结构工程是土木工程的一个分支，它的应用是非常广。
Structural engineering is a branch of civil engineering, and its applications are extremely diverse. 3. 他们还要选定合适的材料。
They also determine how to combine the construction materials appropriately.
4. 这一领域的土木工程师处理所有的水自然控制方面的问题。 In this specialty，civil engineers deal with aspects of the physical control of water.
5. 这些工程师还要向项目业主作定期的进度报告。
These engineers also make regular progress reports to the owner of the structure. UNIT 2
1.Nylon is a versatile material. 1。尼龙是一种用途广泛的材料。
2.I’m sorry, those overcoats are not available in your color and size. 2。对不起,这种外套没有你要的颜色和尺码。
3.That terrible day will be embeded in the children’s memory.那可怕的一天将深深印在孩子们的记忆
4.Don’t crush the box; it has flowers in it.别压坏这个盒子;它已经花在它 5.This wine complement food perfectly.此酒补充食品完美。
6.A bitter envy corroded their friendship.一个痛苦的嫉妒腐蚀他们的友谊。 7.Massage helps relieve the tension in one’s muscles.按摩有助于缓解紧张的肌肉。
8.She is spraying paint on her car.她是在她的车喷漆 9.Mix all the ingredients in a bowl.混合所有的配料在碗里 10.This glue makes a good firm bond.这种胶水粘得很结实债券
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Ⅲ.
1.ensile strength 抗拉强度 2.Portland cement 硅酸盐水泥
3.reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土 4.prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土 5.concrete beam 钢筋土梁 6.steel rod 钢杆
7.pretensioning or posttensioning method 预拉伸或后张法 8.can be poured into all kinds of shapes 可以涌入各种形状 9.the rate of contraction and expansion 收缩和扩张的速度 10.an alkaline chemical reaction 一个碱性的化学反应 Ⅳ. Translate the following sentences into English. 1. 钢的巨大优势在于他的抗拉强度。
The enormous advantage of steel is its tensile strength.
2.不同比例的成分不同强度和重量的混领土。
Different proportions of the ingredients produce concrete with different strength and weight.
3. 硅酸盐水泥是石灰石和粘土经过加热后碾磨成的粉末状混合物
Portland cement is a mixture of limestone and clay, which is heated and then ground into a powder.
4. 钢和混凝土有着几乎相同的收缩与扩张速度。
Steel and concrete have almost the same rate of contraction and expansion. 5.预应力混凝土使开发不寻常的形状的建筑物成为可能。 Prestressed concrete has made it possible to develop buildings with unusual shapes.
Unit 3
1.Most Americans earned an average 3.5 percent less in 1991 than in 1990, after adjusting for inflation.大多数美国人平均工资比1991年低3.5%,1990年在调整了通货膨胀。
2.The acceleration is positive if the speed is increased, negative if speed is decreased.加速度是积极的,如果速度增加,如果速度减少负面。
3.The cure for stress lies in learning to relax.消除紧张的方法在于学会放松。
4.As a middle-school student he joined in the movement to resite Japanese aggression and save the country.作为一个中学生,他加入了日本侵略和运动新址拯救这个国家。
5.This machine is superior in many respects to that.这台机器在很多方面比那台好。
6.Equipping an office or plant with computers to facilitate or automate procedures.给办公室或工厂装备计算机促进或自动化程序。 7.Think well before you act.要三思而后行
8.Equality and mutual respect are the basic for dialogue among civilizations and the prerequisite for exchange and integration of human civilizations.平等和相互尊重的基础,不同文明之间的对话和交流的先决条件和人类文明的集
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成。
9.The key for the eighty-year-old professor to keep fit is to jog three kilometers every morning.关键的八十高龄的教授保持健康是每天早上慢跑三公里。
10.My application for visa has gone through.我申请签证的经历
11.Nothing can compensate for the loss of one’s health.没有什么可以弥补健康受损。
12.He was something of a humorist, and rather deficient in general education, but acute, patient, and upright.他是一个幽默作家的东西,而缺乏一般的教育,但急性、耐心和正直。 III.
1.The finished product has high compressive strength, and low resistance to tension.
最终制成品具有较高的抗压强度及较低的抗拉强度。
2.The whole structure can be cast into one piece, and the expense of joining individual blocks to one another and the weakness resulting from the presence of joints is thus eliminated. 混凝土构件可以整体浇铸，因此各个分块连接所产生的费用即可免除，而且还可以避免接缝处所产生的缺陷。
3.Since reinforcing steel rusts very readily, it must be protected by an adequate concrete cover to ensure the durability of the structure. 由于钢筋容易生锈，它需要足够的混凝土保护层来确保构件的耐久性。
4.The integration of the steel and the concrete requires the provision of adequate concrete around each reinforcing bar to ensure proper bond between the steel and the concrete.
钢筋与混凝土的结合需要在每根钢筋周围提供足够的混凝土以确保能连接。 5.Reinforced concrete finds wide application in buildings and other structures because of its durability, high resistance to static and dynamic loads, resistance to fire and weathering, the availability of raw materials, and low maintenance costs.
钢筋混凝土由于它的耐久性对动荷载和静荷载的高层受力，和对必要的恶劣气候的抵抗性，原材料丰富以及低廉的维修费用，而被广泛的应用于建筑物和其他结构中。 IV.1.它的性能关键在于两者相辅相成：混凝土可以承受压力，钢筋可以承受拉力， The key to its performance lies in strengths that complementary ---concrete resists compression and steel reinforcement resists tension forces. 2.与天然石材不同，混凝土不必用任何切割工具，就可以浇铸成所需的任意形状。 Unlike natural stone,concrete can be produced in any shape without having reason to cutting tools. 3.另一方面，混凝土只有遇到严重的火灾才会受损，在此方面要优于天然石材和钢铁。
On the other hand,concrete is not affected by any but the most severe fires in buildings,and in this respect it is superior to both steel and timber. 4.因为混凝土在抗拉方面明显不足，所以钢筋在结构中也是至关重要一部分。 The steel is also the vital part of the structure,since concrete is deficient
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in tensile strength.
5.而且只要混凝土能够保护钢筋不受腐蚀，其强度实际上还会随时间增长而增长。
It also has a long service life because the strength of concrete actually increases with time,provided that the steel bars are protected from corrosion.
UNIT 5
1.Would you please aid me?你能帮助我吗?
2.ABC company is an import and export company.ABC公司是一家进出口公司。 3.The service condition of this supermarket is not bad.这个超市的服务条件不坏。
4.The low price attract a lot of customers.较低的价格吸引大量的客户。 5.We need to rearrange the woke program.我们需要重新排列叫醒了程序 6.Please contact the manager as soon as possible.请联系经理尽快。 7.We all need some pressure in our lives.我们都需要在我们的生活中一些压力。
8.The performance of this kind of machine is very good.在这种机器的性能很好。
9.Can you illustrate this problem to us?你能说明这个问题呢? 10.Dose the price include tax?剂量价格包括税吗? Ⅲ.
1.consist of 由??组成 2.be focused on 焦点 3.make up 组成，弥补 4.lead to 导致
5.be surrounded by 被??包围 6.vary from 与??不同
7.service condition 营运状况，工作情况
8.behaviour in service 使用性能
4.Translate the following sentences to English.
Key:
1.“入世”之后，中国所面对的最大挑战是如何改变政府职能，
The greatest challenge China faces after its joining the WTO is how to transform the functions of the government.
2他们试图离开营地，但被大雪阻止了。
They attempted to leave the camp but were stopped by the heavy snow. 3 我们最好为房子投保火险。
We had better insure the house against fire. 4 这几家公司签了一项新协议。
These companies entered into a new agreement. 5 别再提了，我会把它记在心里。
Don not mention it, I will remember it in my heart. UNIT6
Exercise II:1.The Sydney Harbor Bridge and the blue water of the harbor is
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dramatic and unforgettable.悉尼海港大桥和蓝色的水的港口是戏剧性的和令人难忘的。
2.They stand for mankind’s determination to remove all barriers in its pursuit of a better and freer world.他们代表了人类的决心去除所有的障碍在追求一个更好的和更自由的世界。
3.The “deck” bridge provides the motorist with a better view of the surrounding area.“甲板“桥提供了一个更好的司机与视图周围地区。 4.Steel bridges may be classified as the following kinds.钢桥可分为以下几种
5.All of them arrived late for a variety of reasons.他们都来晚了出于多种原因。
6.In spite of great efforts, we failed to carry our plans through.尽管巨大的努力,我们还是没能完成我们的计划通过。
7.Yugoslavia into was divided five different countries.南斯拉夫分裂成五个不同的国家。
8.Everyone of us is active in technical innovation.我们每个人都积极参加技术创新。
9.She has the determination to overcome all the obstacles to success.她有决心克服通往成功路上的一切障碍。
10.The terrorists know a lot about the structure of the building.恐怖分子知道了很多关于建筑的结构。
Exercise III:
1.The view of spectacular Tower Bridge fills one’s heart with wonder and admiration for the art of their builders.
伦敦塔桥的壮观景色一定会使见过它的人对塔桥设计者的艺术能力充满惊奇和敬佩之情。
2.Suspension bridges are used for very long spans where intermediate piers cannot be built.
吊桥应用于那些无法修筑中间墩台的大跨径桥梁。
3.Welded-steel box girder structures are generally similar to plate girder spans.
焊接钢箱梁的结构与板梁的结构是相似的。
4.They are now returning to motorway widening schemes. 它们（钢筋桥）又开始流行起来，尤其是在公路加宽中。
5.Cable-stayed bridges are specially suited in the span range of 200 to 500 m.
斜拉桥的最佳跨度是在200米到500米之间。
IV，1桥是人类的一项伟大发明，他帮助人们跨越交通
Bridges are great innovation which helps people who have to span a great distance.
2,这种桥加宽比较方便，能更好地满足将来车流量的需要。
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This kind of bridges is easier to widen if future traffic requires it. 3,木材可以用于搭建一些临时的桥。
Timber may be used for temporary above-water construction. 4,钢桥的种类和混凝土桥一样多。
Steel bridges come in nearly as great a variety as concrete bridges do. 5.见过塔桥的人都会很钦佩他的建造者。
The view of Tower Bridge will fill one^s heart with admiration for its builders.
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