荞麦花叶总黄酮对大鼠2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗的影响

              作者：尚保华，韩淑英，郑丽坤，朱丽莎， 杨远明，米文生， 魏洪磊

【摘要】  　　目的研究荞麦花叶总黄酮（TFBFL）对2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗大鼠的血糖、血脂和对胰岛素抵抗（IR）的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法以脂肪乳灌胃联合低剂量四氧嘧啶注射方法制作2 型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗模型。将SD大鼠随机分为正常组，模型组，TFBFL高、中、低治疗组，罗格列酮（RSG）治疗组。连续灌胃6周后,测定空腹血糖(FBG),糖耐量（OTGG），空腹胰岛素（FINS），血清总胆固醇（TC），甘油三酯（TG），游离脂肪酸(FFA),糖化血红蛋白（GHb），计算胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)和KITT。HE染色观察胰腺和肾组织形态学改变。结果与正常对照组比较,模型组大鼠FBG，OTGG，FINS, TG, TC, FFA, GHb明显升高（P<0.05或P<0.01），ISI明显降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。与模型对照组相比, 荞麦花叶黄酮能使FBG, OTGG, FINS, TG, TC, FFA, GHb 降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）而升高ISI（P<0.05或P<0.01）,呈一定剂量依赖性,高剂量组与罗格列酮相近。组织HE染色光镜下观察显示，模型组大鼠胰腺及肾组织结构异常。不同剂量的TFBFL均能明显改善上述组织的病理改变。结论TFBFL能够剂量依赖性的增加2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素敏感性,改善胰岛素抵抗,对糖尿病大鼠各器官损伤具有保护作用。

【关键词】  荞麦花叶黄总酮 2型糖尿病 胰岛素抵抗

　　Abstract:ObjectiveTo study the effects of total flavones of buckwheat flowers and leaves on serum glucose , serum lipid and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats with insulin resistance and try to find its mechanism.MethodsThe model of diabetic type 2 rats with insulin resistance was made by injecting alloxan and giving a gastric perfusion of intralipid. 　Rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, TFBFL 100, 200 and 400 mg ·kg-1 groups and rosiglitazone group. Fasting blood glucose(FBG), OGTT ,fasting insulin (FINS) ,insulin sensitivity inex(ISI) ,KITT, free fatty acids (FFA) , triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol (TC), glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) were measured after 6 weeks. The pancreas, fat, renal issues were stained by HE so as to observe its morphologic changes. ResultsFBG, FINS, TG, TC, FFA, GHb significantly increased in the model group as compared with those in normal group, while ISI was significantly reduced. FBG, FINS, TG, TC, FFA, GHb significantly reduced in the TFBFL group as compared with those in model group, while ISI was significantly increased in dose-dependent manner. The effects of high dose TFBFL treated group were similar to those of RSG group. HE-stained organizations were observed that the model group organizational structure of the pancreas and kidney were abnormal. Those pathologic changes in different dose TFBFL groups were significantly improved. ConclusionTFBFL can increase insulin sensitivity, improve insulin resistance and protect organs of type 2 diabetic rats.

　　Key words:Total flavones of buckwheat flower and leaf;  Type 2 diabetes mellitus;  Insulin resistance
   
　　2型糖尿病（T2DM）胰岛素抵抗的发病率逐年增加，已成为严重威胁人类健康的慢性病，其危害性不仅在于它的发病率高，更主要的是它所导致的心脑血管疾病、失明、肾衰等各种并发症，因此糖尿病的防治刻不容缓。研究表明，荞麦种子提取物有许多药理活性，但对荞麦花叶的研究较少。我室前期研究发现荞麦花叶总黄酮（TFBFL）具有降糖、降脂、抑制体内外糖基化终产物的形成等作用［1,2］，本实验在此基础上，进一步观察TFBFL对实验性2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗大鼠的防治作用，探讨其防治糖尿病及其并发症的可能机制。

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