2017年高考英语二轮复习核心考点总动员专题29语法填空(一)(含解

专题 29 语法填空（一）

关键词：语法,词汇填空,句法,逻辑,语境 难度系数：???? 推荐指数：????? 【基础回顾】 考点归纳：

语篇语法填空试题特点：

1.把题设在有一定语境和语义确定了的文段中是高考命题的宗旨。旨在考查考生理解语篇的能力、分析句子结构的能力及熟练运用语法的能力。因此，只有读懂文段才能做好语法填空题。 2. 从设空特点来看，它不仅重视对语言基础知识——词法、句法的考查，考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、动词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。同时也考查了学生在没有给出任何提示，根据语篇逻辑填空的能力。考生既要能判断出不同的“部分”在句子中的“成分”，又要考虑该结构中用什么词、词性、词形、习惯搭配、拼写、大小写等一系列问题（出现任何错误都不给分）。 探究一、填实义词

填实义词 ----- 用括号内单词的正确形式填空，主要涉及动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级等语法考点。

2015·全国卷Ⅰ] Yangshuo 67.________(be) really beautiful. A study of travellers 68.____ ____(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69.________(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70.________(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

【解析】67．is 考查动词的正确形式。此句缺少谓语动词，根据句意和后句的时态，可知此处用一般现在时。阳朔真的很漂亮。]

68．conducted 考查过去分词作定语。这里表示一家网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语表示被动关系。 ]

69．regularly 考查副词的用法。该旅游公司定期为人们安排这里适合旅行的地方。这里用副词修饰动词。

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70．living 考查现在分词作定语。这里指住在上海和香港的人们。现在分词作后置定语表示主动关系。 基础必读： （1）词汇层面

必读1：做主语或宾语的名词或“形容词+名词”前无形容词性物主代词、不定代词等限定词时，根据上下文填冠词。

【例1】The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to ______ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage.

【例2】I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had ______ amazing conversation. 【解析】an 短语搭配have a conversation“和??交谈”。

【例3】But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in ______ last row.

【解析】the 特指最后一排，在序数词/最高级前，用定冠词。 必读2：句子缺主语或宾语，空格后没有提示词，填词多为代词。

【例4】Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult ______ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. 【解析】it 作宾语从句主语，替代动词不定式短语to choose??。

【例5】She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please ______. 【解析】him please him (使他高兴)，填代词；根据句意，此处指代her father。 【例6】He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like ______?”

【解析】it 指前面提到的“水(the water)”。

必读3：空格前已有主语，括号内是动词提示，空格需填谓语动词。

【例7】He ______ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. 【解析】was pretending 由“and giving”可确定，用过去进行时，构成并列谓语。 【例8】Where men control the household, less money ______ (spend) on healthcare and food, which results in poorer health for children.

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【解析】is spent money与spend之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态，从句时态提示应用一般现在时。

【例9】One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he ______ (find) that he has run out of salt.

【解析】found 主格代词he后应为谓语动词，由语境由One day和“invited”可知，用一般过去时。

必读4：句中已有谓语动词且又无并列连词与括号内提示的动词并列，说明空格需填非谓语动词形式。

【例10】She wished that he was as easy ______ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume．

【解析】to please “be+形容词+ to do”, 无需考虑其它的非谓语形式。此句式中常用主动形式表示被动含义。

【例11】Film has a much shorter history，especially when ______ (compare) to such art forms as music and planting.

【解析】compared 本句是when it is compared to ?的省略。compare与逻辑主语film是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。

【例12】But everyone added a little, always ______ (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”

必读5：当括号内所提示的词是形容词或副词且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，很可能填比较级和最高级。

【例13】The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be ______ (sweet).” 【解析】sweeter 句意是“什么也不会比这更甜”=这是世界上最甜的东西。

【例14】I left it early because I had an appointment ______ (late) that day. 【解析】later 指那天晚些时候。

【例15】It might have made it a little ______ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn’t stop the kids in the class. 【解析】harder 句中a little修饰比较级harder，表示“更难一点”作宾补。

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