[正] I'll leave for Shanghai.
[析] leave for 是离开某地去某处的固定搭配,不可将for改为别的介词。这样的搭配还有:start for 动身前往某处,set out for, sail for。
[误] I'm sorry. I have to get out the bus at next stop.
[正] I'm sorry. I have to get out of the bus at next stop.
[析] get in, 与 get out是两个相反的词组。get in 为上车,而get out为下车,但语法家认为这里的in与out为副词,所以其后不能接名词,我们可以讲We'd better get in. 或We'd better get out. 还有一组词组有关上下车:get on/off(a train, a ship, a struck) get into/out of (a car, taxi…)
[误] Be careful The temperature of the water is ninety degrees over zero.
[正] Be careful. The temperature of the water is ninety degrees above zero.
[析] over 与 above 在作为比某物高的意思时有时可以互换。但在垂直方向上的高矮时,即正上方时则要用above.而泛指上方时用over.
[误] There is an old stone bridge above the river.
[正] There is an old stone bridge over the river.
[析] over还有一意为"跨越,横跨"。
[误] The Dead Sea is under the sea level.
[正] The Dead Sea is below the sea level.
[析] 在垂直下方要用below.也就是讲above与below互为反意词,over与under也是反意词。
[误] There is a big tree in the front of the house.
[正] There is a big tree in front of the house.
[析] in front of 是在物体外部的前面,而in the front of 是在物体内部的前面,如:The driver sits in the front of the bus.
[误] It took them two days to walk across the forest.
[正] It took them two days to walk through the forest.
[析] across 作为介词有两个主要意思:① 横过,如:I want to walk across the street.② 对面,如:There is a post office across the street,而through 多用于三维空间中的穿越。across则多用于平面上的横过。如:The little girl ran across the room to meet her mother.
[误] The sun sets toward the west.
[正] The sun sets in the west.
[析] towards也可用作toward,它主要表达朝向某方向运动,但不一定到达,如:He ran toward(s) the mountain.而在表示方位east, west, north, south 时,其前面要用in。要注意的是这4个词可以用作副词,如:I went south. 也可用作名词,如:I went to the south.也可用作形容词,如:I went to the south part of China.
[误] Do you have no other clothes except those?
[正] Do you have no other clothes besides those?
[析] beside 是"在……旁边",如:The students stood beside their teachers.而besides是"除……之外,不仅……而且……,除了……以外还有……", 如:I studied English besides French, when I was in college. 而except 则是从同一类物体中去掉某一部分,如:I come here every day except Sunday. 而except for 是指去掉不同种类的事物,如:The room is clean except for two chairs. 而except that则要加从句。
[误] Can I write the exam paper with ink?
[正] Can I write the exam paper with a pen?
[正] Can I write the exam paper in ink?
[析] with后要加拿得起来放得下的工具,而墨水、颜料等原料则要用in。
[误] I'm earlier today. I came here by his car.
[正] I'm earlier today. I came here in his car.
[析] 在交通工具前加介词by,但不能再有任何指示代词或冠词,否则要改换相应的介词。by taxi=in a taxi
by train=in a train
by bicycle=on a bicycle
by ship=on a ship
by boat=in a boat
by bus=on a bus
by plane=on a plane
by air 空运
by land 陆运
by sea 海运
on foot on horseback
by phone by letter by radio
by air mail by hand
[误] A lot of French wines are made of grape.
[正] A lot of French wines are made from grape.
[析] made of 是指由原材料到成品过程中原材料未发生质地的变化,而发生了某种变化则要
用from,如:The desk was made of hard wood.
[误] This is a good dictionary in English grammar.
[正] This is a good dictionary on English grammar.
[析] 关于某方面的书籍、报告等有两个介词,其中on表示某专业用书,about则为某方面的普通读物,如:This is a book about physics.即物理科普知识。
[误] Do you have the key of the door.
[正] Do you have the key to the door.
[析] key to the door门的钥匙。相同用法还有answer to the question, entrance to the highway, danger to health.千万不要用of。
[误] Today a lot of Chinese people have interest of collecting stamps.
[正] Today a lot of Chinese people have interest in collecting stamps.
[析] have interest in是在某方面有兴趣。
[误] I didn't do my homework, so the teacher was angry to me.
[正] I didn't do my homework, so the teacher was angry with me.
[析] be angry with其后接人,而be angry at其后接事。如:He was angry at what she said.
[误] He was good for skating.
[正] He was good at skating.
[析] be good at 为"擅长某事",而be good for somebody为对某人很好。
[误] It was good to you to help my little boy.
[正] It was good of you to help my little boy.
[析] 这句话应译为:你真太好了,帮助了我的小孩。而be good to somebody 是对某人态度好。如:Her mother is good to everyone.
[误] My parents were very pleased at me.
百度搜索“yundocx”或“云文档网”即可找到本站免费阅读全部范文。收藏本站方便下次阅读，云文档网，提供经典高考高中2013年中考英语单词分类复习策略6(3)在线全文阅读。
最新更新：
